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These are the two I never get.

Problem: -4x -5 on the interval [-3, -1] divided into 2 subintervals.

MRAM is to calculate the middle
formula: delta x [ f(mid) + f(mid) + .... ]
To find midpoints, you would add the two numbers together then divide by two
In this problem the numbers would be: -3 , -2, -1
-3 + -2/ 2 = -5/2 and -2 + -1 / 2 = -3/2
so 1[f(-5/2) + f(-3/2)] and the plug in

Trapezoidal is different because instead of multiplying by delta x, you multiply by delta x/2 and you also have on more term then your number of subintervals.
formula: delta x/2 [f(a) + 2f(a + delta x) + 2f(a+ 2 delta x) + ....f(b)]
For this problem: 1/2 [ f(-3) + 2 f(-2) + f( -1)] and then plug in.


What I don't know is Substitution but these are the steps..
steps:
1. Find a derivative inside the interval
2. set u = the non-derivative
3. take the derivative of u
4. substitute back in

Example?